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Class 6 → Mathematics → Chapter 3: Number Play

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I. Chapter Summary:

The chapter Number Play introduces students to interesting properties of numbers and how they behave in different situations. It focuses on factors, multiples, prime and composite numbers, divisibility rules, and basic number patterns. Students learn how to break numbers into factors, identify prime numbers, and apply these concepts in problem-solving. This chapter builds a strong foundation for arithmetic and logical thinking.

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II. Key Concepts Covered:

1. Factors and Multiples

• Factors: Numbers that divide a given number exactly
• Multiples: Numbers obtained by multiplying a number

2. Prime and Composite Numbers

• Prime Numbers: Numbers with only two factors (1 and itself)
• Composite Numbers: Numbers with more than two factors

3. Even and Odd Numbers

• Even numbers divisible by 2
• Odd numbers not divisible by 2

4. Divisibility Rules

• By 2 → Last digit even
• By 3 → Sum of digits divisible by 3
• By 5 → Last digit 0 or 5

5. Common Factors

Factors common to two or more numbers.

6. Number Patterns

Recognizing patterns in sequences of numbers.

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III. Important Questions:

(A) MCQs (1 Mark):

1. Which is a prime number?
   (a) 6
   (b) 9
   (c) 11 ✅
   (d) 12
2. Which number is divisible by 2?
   (a) 13
   (b) 15
   (c) 18 ✅
   (d) 21
3. Factors of 12 include:
   (a) 5
   (b) 6 ✅
   (c) 7
   (d) 11
4. Which is an odd number?
   (a) 10
   (b) 12
   (c) 15 ✅
   (d) 20

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IV. Short Answer Questions (2/3 Marks):

1. Define factors with an example.
2. What are prime numbers?
3. Write divisibility rule of 2.
4. Find factors of 10.

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V. Long Answer Questions (5 Marks):

1. Explain prime and composite numbers with examples.
2. Describe divisibility rules with examples.
3. Find factors and multiples of given numbers.
4. Solve problems based on number patterns.

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VI. HOTS Questions:

1. Can a number be both even and prime? Explain.
2. Why are factors important in mathematics?

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VII. Key Formulas/Concepts:

Prime Number Definition

A prime number has exactly two factors: 1 and itselftext{A prime number has exactly two factors: 1 and itself}A prime number has exactly two factors: 1 and itself

Example:

• Prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7
• Composite numbers: 4, 6, 8, 9

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VIII. Deleted Portions (CBSE 2025–2026):

No portions have been deleted from this chapter as per the rationalized NCERT textbooks.

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IX. Chapter-Wise Marks Bifurcation (Estimated – CBSE 2025–2026):

Unit/Chapter	Estimated Marks	Type of Questions Typically Asked
Number Play	5–7 Marks	MCQs, Short Answer, Numerical-based

Note: This is an estimate. Actual marks distribution may vary.

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X. Previous Year Questions (PYQs):

1 Mark:

• Identify a prime number. (2019)

2/3 Marks:

• Write divisibility rule of 3. (2020)
• Find factors of a number. (2021)

5 Marks:

• Explain prime and composite numbers. (2022)

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XI. Real-World Application Examples:

• Dividing objects equally
• Identifying patterns in numbers
• Solving puzzles and games
• Planning schedules

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XII. Student Tips & Strategies for Success:

Time Management:

• Practice factor questions daily.

Exam Preparation:

• Learn divisibility rules.
• Practice identifying prime numbers.

Stress Management:

• Solve problems slowly and carefully.

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XIII. Career Guidance & Exploration:

• Science Stream: Mathematics, Engineering
• Commerce Stream: Accounting
• Arts Stream: Statistics

Entrance Exams (Basic Awareness):

• Olympiads
• NTSE

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XIV. Important Notes:

• Understand factors and multiples clearly.
• Practice regularly.
• Learn divisibility rules.
• Refer to NCERT textbook.
• Revise frequently.